Advertising How-to Guide for Small Business
Understand the pros and cons of different types of advertising, typical ad costs, get tips on how to save money along with help developing your ad plan, finding ad experts to hire and reviews of top suppliers for advertising services.
Six questions to ask yourself before you start advertising
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Is advertising the best marketing tactic to use? (Or would something else work better?)
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Do you want to create an ad campaign or just an ad?
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Where do you want to advertise? (locally, regionally, nationally, online only)
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What's your ad budget? Is that enough to do an effective job?
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What type of advertising do you want to create?
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What do you want to do yourself? What do you want to hire an agency or freelancer to do for you?
Decision #1: Is advertising the best marketing tactic to use?
Decision #2: Ad campaign or just an ad?
A campaign is advertising placed on different media (TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, outdoor billboards, online, etc.) that is unified by a common theme, visuals and message. Your campaign can be extended into all of your marketing.
Advertising is creative business, yes. But ultimately ads are sales pitches. Effective advertising should be like creating (or cloning) your best sales pitch or best sales person. Sure, it helps if the ad is interesting and clever but the bottom line is: Did it get a sale or move the prospect closer to a sale?
There are two primary types of advertising:
Brand ads that aim to create, change or enhance the brand personality and positioning. These ads are like business development people who identify, educate and nurture prospects and existing customers.
Direct response ads that are like sales reps on quota. These ads are designed and measured by how well they convert prospects into buyers and how much revenue they generate.
Developing an ad campaign takes more work and costs more up front, but it pays back by establishing a stronger brand reputation for your product, service, company or non-profit organization. The theme and messages from the ad campaign can be used in other sales and marketing materials to further integrate your marketing. Consistency reassures customers and prospects and makes a brand look like a leader. It’s what Starbucks and McDonald’s and most major advertisers do because it works. Small businesses and non-profit organizations can do this too.
By using different advertising in different types of media in your ad campaign, you’ll benefit from what’s called the “Media Multiplier Effect.” Major advertisers have learned when they use more than one type of media (generally TV and print), that the recall and communication of their message is greater than when they only use one type of media. Think of it this way: A sales rep who uses phone calls, sales meetings, email messages, printed letters and multi-media presentations will be more effective than someone who only uses one communication vehicle.
Campaigns need a “big idea” that will work across all marketing. and that takes time (and luck) to create. It’s better to run one-off ads that are effective than trying to unify everything under a campaign theme that isn’t great. It’s the trade-off of integration versus effectiveness. Ideally you’d like both.
Where do you want to advertise?
- in a town? in a metro area
- nationwide? or in several metro areas?
- online only?
- to particular business-to-business vertical markets?
You have a lot of choices about where to advertise. In the U.S., there are:
- more than 1,300 TV stations
- more than 500 cable networks
- more than 19,000 magazines
- more than 10,000 radio stations
- more than 6,000 newspapers
- more than 100,000 websites

If you can’t afford a national campaign, then consider advertising in cities and major metro areas where you have the most sales opportunity.
If you’re buying advertising in a local city or what’s called a market (a city plus the surrounding suburban areas), then it may be manageable to research and buy ad media space yourself.
If you want to make a regional or national ad buy, you will be calling a lot of media sellers to get rates and then when you decide what you want to buy, you’ll need to call back to negotiate rates. From our experience, it’s smart to find a knowledgeable media buyer to do this work for you.
Next page - Ad budgets, types of advertising
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Advertising Costs
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Top Advertising Suppliers
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Top Advertising Media Planning and Buying Suppliers
- Fastest Ways to Get Advertising Done
How-to Guides on
- Search / PPC Advertising
- Online Advertising
- Facebook Advertising
- LinkedIn® Advertising
- Newspaper Advertising
- Magazine Advertising
- TV Advertising
- Infomercials
- Radio Advertising
- Outdoor Billboard Advertising
- Movie Theater Advertising
- Mobile Phone Advertising
- Yellow Page Advertising
See all how-to guides on Advertising
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How to Find, Select and Pay Agencies and Freelancers
- Best Sources to Find Marketing Freelancers to Hire
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